Insomnia is the inability to fall asleep or remain asleep for an adequate length of time in the absence of external impediments such as excessive noise or bright light and during the period when sleep should normally occur. insomnia may vary in intensity from restlessness or disturbed Sleep to shortening of the normal length of Sleep or to total wakefulness. Approximately 10% of adults experience Chronic Insomnia and approximately 50% of adults experience significant Insomnia at some stage’s of their lives.

Types of Insomnia
– Early-morning Insomnia  is a type of Insomnia in which the sufferer falls asleep normally (within a reasonable period after going to bed) but awakens early and cannot fall asleep again or drifts into a restless, unsatisfying Sleep.  This type of Insomnia commonly occurs with the Aging Process.  It is sometimes due to Depression, Anxiety, self-reproach or self-punitive thinking that is exacerbated in the morning.  Sometimes Early-Waking Insomnia occurs as one of the symptoms of Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder.
– Initial Insomnia is a form of Insomnia that involves difficulty in falling asleep.  It is commonly associated with emotional disorders such as Anxiety, Phobias or Depression.  It can also occur as a result of Pain, Respiratory problems, stimulant use, withdrawal of sedative drugs, poor Sleep hygiene (such as a variable Sleep schedule) or other Sleep-related disorders such as Restless Legs Syndrome, Sleep Apnea or Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder.
– Rebound Insomnia is a form of Insomnia that commonly occurs when hypnotics are withdrawn from a patient who regularly takes heavy doses.  Most patients wrongly interpret this as recurrence of Chronic Insomnia.
– Short- Trem Insomnia ) is Insomnia that lasts from a few nights to a few weeks.
– jet-Lag is a type of Sleep Disorder caused by the desynchronization of Circadian Rhythms

Ailments may Cause Insomnia
– May occur as a side effect of Hyperthyroidism
– May caused by chronic Constipation
– May occur as one of the symptoms of Lyme Disease
– May caused By Restless Legs Syndrome
– May occur as a result of Adrenal Insufficiency
– May occur as one of the symptoms of Fibromyalgia
–  May occur as a result of the PMS-A (Anxiety) 
– May be the underlying of Depression
– May cause by excessive Stress
– May occur as a symptom of Hangovers

Substances may help Insomnia
– Melatonin
– Tryptophan
– 5-HTP
– Glycine
– Taurine
– Calcium
– Folic Acid
– Choline
– Vitamin B1
– Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide)
– Vitamin B6
– VItamin B12
– Inosital
– May occur as a result of Potassium deficiency
– May occur as a result of Magnesium deficiency
– May occur as a result of Iron deficiency
– Pharmaceutical Drugs
– Diazepam
– Temazepam
– Nitraepam
– GABA Reuptake Inhibitor
– Exercise
– Acupuncture

Hypochlorhydria is a deficiency of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Up to 30% of people aged 65 and over suffer from seriously diminished Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) production. Hydrochloric Acid, HCl, is a strong Mineral Acid produced by the Parietal Cells of the Stomach.  It comprises 0.2% – 0.5% of Gastric Juice. Hydrochloric Acid regulates the acidity of the Stomach optimize Digestion.  This occurs primarily through Hydrochloric Acid stimulating the conversion of Pepsinogen to Pepsin (a Proteolytic (Protein-digesting) Enzyme).

 Functions and Uses of Hydrochloric Acid
– Hydrochloric Acid regulates the acidity of the stomach to optimize Digestion
–  Hydrochloric Acid stimulating the conversion of Pepsinogen to Pepsin (a Proteolytic (Protein-digesting) Enzyme)
–  May kill some forms of Bacteria – Detrimental  in the Stomach and Small Intestine
–  May suppress or kill Helicobacter Pylori (H-pylori)
– Food Allergies resulting from the insufficient endogenous production of Hydrochloric Acid
– Histidine absorption required Hydrochloric acid
– Beta-Carotene absorption required Hydrochloric acid
– Hydrochloric Acid facilitates the flow of Bile
– Calcium and Magnesium absorption required Hydrochloric acid
– Zinc absorption required Hydrochloric acid
– Vitamin C absorption required Hydrochloric acid

Sign and Symptom
– Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome (SIBO) may be an underlying cause of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
– May cause Malabsorption (including Malabsorption of Vitamin B12 and Steatorrhea).
– May cause Diarrhea
– May cause Flatulence.
– May be an underlying cause of some cases of Rheumatoid Arthritis
– May be an underlying cause of Fatigue

Substances Alleviate Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome (SIBO)
1- Microorganisms May useful for the treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome
– Lactobacillus rhamnosus
–  Lactobacillus Casei
–  Lactobacillus Casei
2- Several types of Pharmaceutical Antibioticsreduce the bacterial overgrowth associated with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome
– Amoxicillin
– Tetracycline
– Clindamycin
– Gentamycin
– Neomycin
– Metronidazole
3- Hydrochloride may be useful for the treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome (SIBO)

These Ailments may Cause Female Infertility
– Hypothyroidism
– Endometriosis
– Uterine Fibroids
– Celiac Disease
– Ovarian Cysts
– Luteal Phase Defect
– Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

These Substances may Cause/Exacerbate Female Infertility
– Excessive consumption of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)
– Excessive consumption of Caffeine
– Excessive production/secretion of Prolactin
– Excessive consumption of Trans-Fatty Acids
– infection may cause Infertility (Chlamydia trachomatis)
– Excessive consumption of Alcohol (ethanol)

Substances may Alleviate Female Infertility
– Progesterone
– DHEA
– Melatonin may improve the fertilization rate 
– Selenium deficiency may cause Infertility
– Zinc deficiency may cause Infertility
– Vitamin B6
– Vitamin B12
– Vitamin C
– Vitamin D
– Vitamin E
– Inositol

Drugs
– Chorionic Gonadotrophic Hormone (CGH)
– Clomiphene

Fatigue may occur as a Symptom of these Ailments
– Anemia
– Iron deficiency
– poor Blood Circulation
– Menopause (male and female)
–  Malabsorption
– Crohn’s Disease
– Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
– Hypochlorhydria (low acid of stomach)
– Allergies
– Dehydration
– Chronic Diseases ( Cancer, Lyme Disease, Lupus, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Fibromyalgia, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism,
Insulin   Resistance, Hypoglycemia, Obesity, Insomnia, Depression, Stress, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Male or female Menopause)
– Excessive Exercise
– SIBO (Small intestinal Bacterial overgrowth)
– Candida Albicans (yeast)
– Allergies (food or environmental)
– Cancers
– Autoimmune Disease (Lupus, MS)
– Lyme Disease
– Diabetes Mellitus
– Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
– Fibromyalgia
– Adrenal Insufficiency
– Hypoglycemia
– Hypothyroidism
– Insulin Resistance
– Obesity
– Depression
– Insomnia
– Cortisol (Excessive Level)
– Stress
– Medication

Toxic effects of Excess Homocysteine
that may increase

1- Cardiovascular disease
2- Atherosclrosis
3- Blood Clotting
4- Cholesterol deposition around the heart muscle
5- Progression of Aging Process
6- Aneurysm
7- Ischemic heart disease
8- Heart Attack; approximately 40% of all heart attacks are caused by elevated Homocysteine levels.
9- Stroke
10- Kidney stone
11- May increase many Cancer (Breast, Cervical)
12- Crohn’s disease
13- Ulcerative colitis
14- Cause Insulin resistance
15- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
16- Fibromyalgia
17- Stimulate the oxidation of LDL Cholesterol
18- Osteoporosis
19- Depression
20- Alzheimer
21- Dementia
22- Psoriasis

Substance may increase the production of Homocysteine
1- Fructose
2- Calcium-channel Blocker drug
3- Metformin
4- Methotrexate (causing the depletion of Folic acid)
5- Alcohol (Beer may not increase Homocysteine levels. This is due to the Vitamin B6 content of Beer inhibiting the usual alcohol (ethanol)-induced increase in Homocysteine levels. 
6- Tabacco
7- Coffee
8- Vegetarian diet
9- Diabetic type 2
10- Hypothyroidism
11- Stress

Substances may lower Homocysteine levels

1- Amino acid (Arginine, Cystine, NAC, S-Adenosylmethionine, Serine, Taurine)
2- Dietary Fiber
3- Thyroxine may lower elevated Homocysteinelevels especially in Hypothyroidism patients.
4- Omega-3 Fatty acid
5- Selenium
6- Copper; by functioning as a cofactor for the methionine Synthase enzyme.
7- Aspirin
.
8- Folic acid; in form of Methyl Tetrahydrofolate (MTHF) form is required for the conversion of Homocysteine to methionine which prevents the accumulation of toxic levels of homocysteine):
9- Vitamin B12; may facilitate the conversion of Homocysteine back to methionine lowering elevated Homocysteine levels.
10- Vitamin B6, B2, and vitamin C
11- Vitamin E;  may inhibit the ability of Homocysteine to stimulate the oxidation of LDL Cholesterol and inhibit the ability of Homocysteineto cause memory impairment. 
12- Melatonin; inhibit the toxic effects associated with Homocyteine due to the antioxidant properties of Melatonin. 
13- Curcumin
14- Exercise
15- Wine in moderation